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Strange World - Un mondo misterioso: analisi naturalistica del film
ITALIAN VERSION (Scroll down for english version)
Foto di Gelgas Airlangga |
- Lovelock, James E., e Lynn Margulis. 1974. «Atmospheric homeostasis by and for the biosphere: the gaia hypothesis». Tellus 26 (1–2): 2–10. https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v26i1-2.9731.
- Mitton, Jeffry B., e Michael C. Grant. 1996. «Genetic Variation and the Natural History of Quaking Aspen». BioScience 46 (1): 25–31. https://doi.org/10.2307/1312652.
- «Pando, uno dei più grandi organismi del Pianeta, sta scomparendo a causa dell’uomo». s.d. Focus.it. Consultato 7 febbraio 2023. https://www.focus.it/ambiente/natura/pando-foresta-gigante-scompare.
- Pimentel, David, e Tad W. Patzek. 2005. «Ethanol Production Using Corn, Switchgrass, and Wood; Biodiesel Production Using Soybean and Sunflower». Natural Resources Research 14 (1): 65–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-005-4679-8.
- published, Molly Edwards. 2022. «Strange World Director Breaks down the Movie’s Surprising Twist». Gamesradar. 23 novembre 2022. https://www.gamesradar.com/strange-world-pando-twist-environment-turtle-explained/.
- Wegnez, Maurice. 2009. Clonazioni. L’individuo, le cellule e i geni. EDIZIONI DEDALO.
ENGLISH VERSION
I didn't think that a movie review would appear on this blog, and yet here we are. I'm talking about "Strange World", an animated film directed by Don Hall that narrates the adventure of the Clade family.
To provide some context for those who have no idea what I'm talking about, I'll try to provide a brief summary: Searcher Clade is a loving father who, when he was young, discovered a new plant species; it can be used as an energy source to power the technology of what is, to him, the entire world, "Avalonia". Searcher actively committed himself to improving the society he lives in through his discovery and, in the film's present, he is considered a sort of hero by other inhabitants (so much so that a statue is dedicated to him). In the years following the discovery, extensive plantations of this plant, called "Pando", are created to exploit its maximum potential, completely changing the face of Avalonia and the technology its inhabitants use. However, after 25 years, Pando begins to lose its power, endangering the entire Avalonia; Searcher and his family are thus forced to investigate the cause of this weakening.
Truth be told, I'm not here to review the film itself, leaving this task to those more knowledgeable than me in the cinematic field; my interest is instead to commend the excellent work done from a naturalistic and ecological education perspective (spoiler alert).
The film, in fact, besides having a clear and evident environmentalist footprint, also leaves some subtler gems, which might escape one's attention when focusing on the film's numerous other aspects (such as generational conflict, inclusivity, masculinity, adventure, visual aspects, etc.). It seems interesting, therefore, to dedicate an article to these specifics.
References to Existing Natural Aspects
Despite being a fantasy world, it's nice to notice some references to reality in the natural elements considered for Avalonia and the mysterious world beneath it.
The name "Pando," given to the miraculous plant, derives from the name of the grove in Utah (United States), consisting of quaking aspens (Populus tremuloides). Why would a plant resembling Brussels sprouts take its name from a tree? What the fictional Pando shares with the real Pando is interconnectedness: the individual aspens seen on the surface are actually part of a single, massive organism, extending underground through a complex root system. How is this possible? This species reproduces mainly through vegetative division (rather than seeds): the plant extends its roots horizontally underground, and when it reaches a certain distance from the parent plant, it produces "suckers", extensions of itself that grow vertically, giving rise to new stems. This characteristic has led the Pando to be considered the heaviest known living being (6,615 tons) and one of the oldest currently living (with an estimated age of about 80,000 years for the entire complex).
Another connection with reality, as absurd as it may seem, is the possibility of using plants as an energy source. While they're not actual prepackaged electricity generators, it's possible to obtain biofuel from certain plants rich in oils, such as soybeans, sunflowers, palm oil, etc. Over the years, there has been a true artificial selection in favor of cultivars with an increasingly higher lipid concentration, in order to obtain the maximum amount of fuel per plant; this is because this type of energy is renewable, and it was hoped that it could replace the use of fossil fuels. However, to obtain a significant amount of fuel, an enormous amount of land is required, which is "taken" away from food crops or, worse, from natural habitats. Thus, the parallel between Pando and oil plants is evident, as they were considered a new source of clean and perfect energy but eventually revealed their negative aspects over time.
Also beautiful is one of the final scenes: if we've grown accustomed to seeing Avalonia covered in Pando, following the decision to stop exploiting this plant, we witness a complete transformation of the land, filled with crops of vegetables of various colors and shapes. This is a critique of intensive agriculture and monoculture systems, which oversimplify the flora and lead to a reduction in the rich biodiversity of our planet, with a series of unfortunate consequences.
Our Approach to Planet Earth
As I mentioned, the feature film addresses the ecological crisis quite openly, yet there are some subtler parallels present as well.
The world of Avalonia, where its inhabitants have always lived, is ultimately revealed to be a massive organism, surrounded by an endless ocean, at the end of the film. The members of the community have had to thrive with the resources provided by this organism and have had to overcome crises that arose when resources began to diminish. The film opens with a generic emergency in Avalonia: Searcher's father seeks a solution beyond the seemingly impassable mountain range that surrounds Avalonia, while Searcher seems to avert the crisis thanks to the discovery of Pando.
Avalonia is presented from the start as a "closed" environment, from which nothing can exit and nothing can enter. The son seeks solutions within the system, deferring the problem; the father ventures into the unknown outside, ultimately finding nothing.
The analogy with our planet is quite clear: as vast as it may seem, Earth is also a closed system, from which nothing can exit and nothing can enter (in a first approximation). The environmental crisis we are experiencing can be approached in two ways: by seeking a solution on the planet itself or by seeking a new planet to inhabit or from which to extract new resources.
This is very well represented in the film's final scene: starting from a close-up view of the Clade family's new farm, we gradually move further away, seeing their entire world, the creature that, from this perspective, positioned in the middle of the ocean, doesn't appear so giant anymore; then the entire planet, our planet, isolated in space (itself not as vast as it seemed).
Despite the film clearly favoring the search for a solution within the system, it doesn't condemn the search outside: while at the beginning of the film, members of Jaeger's team seem compelled to choose between the two solutions and discard one, by the end they manage to find a compromise, limiting themselves to postponing the discovery of what lies beyond. In any case, if the protagonists hadn't been able to observe Avalonia from the ocean, they would have never realized the true situation.
The choice we face is the same one the Clades faced: do we seek a solution to the climate emergency inside or outside our planet? Does one solution necessarily exclude the other?
The Earth - Living Organism analogy draws upon the Gaia Hypothesis, formulated by British scientist James Lovelock and American microbiologist Lynn Margulis in the 1970s: the planet is likened to a "superorganism", considered "alive" because it is a complex system with self-regulating mechanisms. All organisms present on Earth (biosphere) and the inorganic components are closely integrated to form a single complex system that maintains the conditions of life on the planet itself. With this same perspective, the "world" of Avalonia is presented, which conceptually embodies this hypothesis in a more literal manner: the living beings we see in the film form the heart, lungs, blood, antibodies, etc. of the organism that hosts them, and the malfunction of one of these organs leads to the collapse of the creature. With the death of the planet-creature, the living beings it hosted can only follow.
Finally, the film plays with the concept of "legacy": we are accustomed to thinking of legacy as something material, a treasure that a father has accumulated during his life and leaves to his child. Searcher's father, Jaeger Clade, considers the discovery of the unknown as his legacy, hoping that his son can have much more than he did. Searcher Clade, on the other hand, considers the fruit of his work, the progress that he has brought to society, as his legacy. With the help of the young Ethan (Searcher's son), we understand that legacy doesn't necessarily have to be an improvement of the current conditions; it is sufficient to ensure that future generations can enjoy what the current generations have. Through this film, the concept of "sustainability" is introduced in a very gentle and natural way, making children understand that progress doesn't always have to be a constant push for "more."
In conclusion
"Strange World" successfully describes the crisis we have been facing in recent decades without falling into the pessimistic, catastrophic, and reproachful tone that typically accompanies environmental education. The film doesn't portray human beings as devouring monsters who consciously cause the destruction of the entire planet, but as a community made up of ordinary people, positive figures, who know how to love and appreciate what they have around them, and who unwittingly have been the cause of their own troubles. The inhabitants of Avalonia are not depicted as "greedy capitalists" who desire excess at any cost, but as one of the many species that exploits the environment at its disposal to survive. Even those who seemed to oppose the salvation of the creature-world to maintain their privileges are not portrayed as cruel and selfish, but as individuals who hadn't fully grasped the gravity of the situation.
The film, therefore, doesn't leave a bitter taste, nor does it leave a sense of emptiness and helplessness that would lead to inaction, but it offers hope to overcome the crisis, with the promise that the sacrifices it requires won't lead to unbearable suffering.
Photo by Gelgas Airlangga |
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